@inproceedings {Van2016, title = {A Brief History of MPLS Usage in IPv6}, booktitle = {Passive and Active Measurement Conference (PAM)}, year = {2016}, month = {03/2016}, abstract = {

Recent researches have stated the fast deployment of IPv6. It\ has been demonstrated that IPv6 grows much faster, being so more and more\ adopted by both Internet service providers but also by servers and end-hosts.\ In parallel, researches have been conducted to discover and assess the usage of\ MPLS tunnels. Indeed, recent developments in the ICMP protocol make certain
categories of MPLS tunnels transparent to traceroute probing. However, these\ studies focus only on IPv4, where MPLS is strongly deployed.

In this paper, we provide a first look at how MPLS is used under IPv6\ networks using traceroute data collected by CAIDA.\ We have observed, at the first glance, that the MPLS deployment and usage seem to greatly differ between IPv4 and IPv6,\ in particular in the way MPLS label stacks are used. While label stacks are not that frequent\ in IPv4 (and mostly correspond to a VPN usage), they are prevalent in IPv6. \ However, after a deeper look at the label stack typical content in IPv6, we understand that 2-label stack tunnels are mainly used for dual stack 6PE tunnels and ECMP load sharing purpose. \ The technical deployment of such tunnels is really similar to VPN in practice but the objective is not the same (they are standard tunnels made with the IPv4 LDP for carrying IPv6 traffic).

}, keywords = {6PE tunnels, IPv6, LSE Stack, MPLS}, author = {Yves Vanaubel and Pascal M{\'e}rindol and Jean-Jacques Pansiot and Benoit Donnet} } @inproceedings {Pap2016a, title = {Mixed-Integer Optimization for the Combined capacitated Facility Location-Routing Problem}, booktitle = {International Conference on the Design of Reliable Communication Networks (DRCN) 2016}, year = {2016}, publisher = {IEEE XPlore}, organization = {IEEE XPlore}, address = {Paris, France}, author = {Dimitri Papadimitriou and Didier Colle and Piet Demeester} } @article {Pap2016, title = {Understanding and modeling the inter-play between Sustainability, Resilience, and Robustness in networks}, journal = {Electronic Notes in Discrete Mathematics}, volume = {51}, year = {2016}, author = {Dimitri Papadimitriou and H.Niedermayer and B.Lannoo and J.Rak} } @inproceedings {Pap2015a, title = {Distributed Monitoring Problem}, booktitle = {7th International Network Optimization Conference (INOC) 2015}, year = {2015}, author = {Dimitri Papadimitriou and Bernard Fortz} } @article {2016, title = {HFSP: Bringing size-based scheduling to Hadoop}, journal = {IEEE Transaction on Cloud Computing}, year = {2015}, author = {Mario Pastorelli and Damiano Carra and Matteo Dell{\textquoteright}Amico and Pietro Michiardi} } @inproceedings {Dim2015, title = {Identifying the Root Cause of Video Streaming Issues on Mobile Devices}, booktitle = {CoNext}, year = {2015}, author = {G. Dimopoulos and I. Leontiadis and P. Barlet-Ros and K. Papagiannaki and P. Steenkiste} } @inproceedings {7249283, title = {Lagrangian relaxation for the time-dependent combined network design and routing problem}, booktitle = {Communications (ICC), 2015 IEEE International Conference on}, year = {2015}, month = {June}, publisher = {IEEE XPlore}, organization = {IEEE XPlore}, address = {London, United-Kingdom}, keywords = {allocation planning process, flow conservation constraints, integer programming, integer programming methods, Lagrangian relaxation, linear programming, Maintenance engineering, multi-commodity capacitated fixed charge network design, network routing problem, Optimization, Quality of Service, Reliability, resource allocation, resource installation, Resource management, Routing, routing decision process, telecommunication network routing, telecommunication traffic, time-dependent combined network design, traffic demands}, doi = {10.1109/ICC.2015.7249283}, author = {Dimitri Papadimitriou and Bernard Fortz and Enrico Gorgone} } @inproceedings {Van2015, title = {MPLS Under the Microscope: Revealing Actual Transit Path Diversity}, booktitle = {Internet Measurement Conference (IMC)}, year = {2015}, month = {10/2015}, abstract = {

Traffic Engineering (TE) is one of the keys for improving packet forwarding in\ the Internet. It allows IP network operators to finely tune their forwarding\ paths according to various customer needs. One of the most popular tool\ available today for optimizing the use of networking resources is MPLS. On the\ one hand, operators may use MPLS and label distribution mechanisms such as RSVP-TE\ in conjunction with BGP to define multiple transit paths (for a given edge pair)
verifying different constraints on their network. On the other hand, when\ operators simply enable LDP for distributing MPLS labels in order to improve the\ scalability of their network, another kind of path diversity may appear thanks\ to the ECMP feature of IGP routing.

In this paper, using an MPLS labels analysis, we demonstrate that it is possible\ to better understand the transit path diversity deployed within a given ISP.\ More specifically, we introduce the Label Pattern Recognition (LPR) algorithm, a\ method for analyzing traceroute data including MPLS information. LPR reveals\ the actual usage of MPLS according to the inferred label distribution protocol and\ is able to make the distinction between ECMP and TE multi-path forwarding.\ Based on an extensive and longitudinal traceroute dataset obtained from CAIDA,
we apply LPR and find that each ISP behavior is really specific in regard to its\ MPLS usage. In particular, we are able to observe independently for each ISP\ the MPLS path diversity and usage, and its evolution over time.\ Globally speaking, the main outcomes of our study are that (i) the usage of\ MPLS has been increasing over the the last five years with basic encapsulation\ being predominant, (ii) path diversity is mainly provided thanks to ECMP and\ LDP, and, (iii), TE using MPLS is as common as MPLS without path diversity.

}, keywords = {ECMP, LDP, MPLS, multipath, network discovery, RSVP-TE, traceroute, traffic engineering}, author = {Yves Vanaubel and Pascal M{\'e}rindol and Jean-Jacques Pansiot and Benoit Donnet} } @inproceedings {Nay2015, title = {multi-context TLS (mcTLS): Enabling Secure In-Network Functionality in TLS}, booktitle = {2015 ACM SIGCOMM Conference (SIGCOMM {\textquoteright}15)}, year = {2015}, publisher = {ACM}, organization = {ACM}, address = {London}, abstract = {

Transport Layer Security (TLS), is the de facto protocol supporting secure HTTP (HTTPS), and is being discussed as the default transport protocol for HTTP2.0. It has seen wide adoption and is currently carrying a significant fraction of the overall HTTP traffic (Facebook, Google and Twitter use it by default). However, TLS makes the fundamental assumption that all functionality resides solely at the endpoints, and is thus unable to utilize the many in-network services that optimize network resource usage, improve user experience, and protect clients and servers from security threats. Re-introducing such in-network functionality into secure TLS sessions today is done through hacks, in many cases weakening overall security.

In this paper we introduce multi-context TLS (mcTLS) which enhances TLS by allowing middleboxes to be fully supported participants in TLS sessions. mcTLS breaks the "all-or-nothing" security model by allowing endpoints and content providers to explicitly introduce middleboxes in secure end-to-end sessions, while deciding whether they should have read or write access, and to which specific parts of the content. mcTLS enables transparency and control for both clients and servers.

We evaluate a prototype mcTLS implementation in both controlled and "live" experiments, showing that the benefits offered have minimal overhead.More importantly, we show that mcTLS can be incrementally deployed and requires small changes to clients, servers, and middleboxes, for a large number of use cases.

}, author = {David Naylor and Kyle Schomp and Matteo Varvello and Ilias Leontiadis and Jeremy Blackburn and Diego Lopez and Konstantina Papagiannaki and Pablo Rodriguez and Peter Steenkiste} } @inproceedings {Pap2015, title = {Nonparametric Statistical Methods to Analyze the Internet Connectivity Reliability}, booktitle = {IEEE International Conference on Communications Quality and Reliability (CQR 2015)}, year = {2015}, author = {Dimitri Papadimitriou and Davide Careglio} } @inproceedings {7325228, title = {Robust cooperative monitoring problem}, booktitle = {Reliable Networks Design and Modeling (RNDM), 2015 7th International Workshop on}, year = {2015}, month = {10/2015}, keywords = {box+ellipsoidal perturbation set, box+polyhedral perturbation set, cooperative communication, integer programming, linear programming, MILP, Minimization, mixed-integer linear program, Monitoring, Optimization, passive monitoring point configuration, passive monitoring point placement, robust cooperative monitoring problem, Robustness, Routing, telecommunication traffic, time-varying traffic flow monitoring, Topology, Uncertainty}, doi = {10.1109/RNDM.2015.7325228}, author = {Dimitri Papadimitriou and Bernard Fortz} } @inproceedings {D.2015, title = {Robust cooperative monitoring problem}, booktitle = {Reliable Networks Design and Modeling (RNDM), 2015 7th International Workshop on}, year = {2015}, month = {Oct}, keywords = {box+ellipsoidal perturbation set, box+polyhedral perturbation set, cooperative communication, integer programming, linear programming, MILP, Minimization, mixed-integer linear program, Monitoring, Optimization, passive monitoring point configuration, passive monitoring point placement, robust cooperative monitoring problem, Robustness, Routing, telecommunication traffic, time-varying traffic flow monitoring, Topology, Uncertainty}, doi = {10.1109/RNDM.2015.7325228}, author = {Papadimitriou, D. and Fortz, B.} } @inproceedings {D.P2015, title = {Robust Cooperative Monitoring Problem}, booktitle = {7th International Workshop on Reliable Networks Design and Modeling (RNDM) 2015}, year = {2015}, month = {10/2015}, publisher = {IEEE XPlore}, organization = {IEEE XPlore}, address = {Munich, Germany}, author = {Dimitri Papadimitriou and Bernard Fortz} } @inproceedings {Nay2014, title = {The Cost of the {\textquotedblleft}S{\textquotedblright} in HTTPS}, booktitle = {ACM Conference on emerging Networking EXperiments and Technologies (CoNEXT)}, year = {2014}, month = {12/2014}, author = {David Naylor and Alessandro Finamore and Ilias Leontiadis and Yan Grunenberger and Marco Mellia and Kostantina Papagiannaki and Peter Steenkiste} } @article {D42, title = {Design of the Reasoner}, number = {D4.2}, year = {2014}, month = {06/2014}, type = {report}, keywords = {design, private deliverable, reasoner, WP4}, issn = {D4.2}, author = {Pedro Casas and Alessandro D{\textquoteright}Alconzo and Maurizio Dusi and Sofia Nikitaki and Mohamed Ahmed and Stefano Traverso and Marco Mellia and Daniele Apiletti and Luigi Grimaudo and Elena Baralis and Dario Rossi and D. Joumblatt and Alessandro Capello and M. D{\textquoteright}Ambrosio and Fabrizio Invernizzi and M. Ullio and Andrea Fregosi and Eike Kowallik and Stefano Raffaglio and Andrea Sannino and Marco Milanesio and Edion Tego and Francesco Matera and Tivadar Szemethy and Balazs Szabo and L. N{\'e}meth and Zied Ben Houidi and G. Dimopoulos and Ilias Leontiadis and Yan Grunenberger and L. Baltrunas and Michael Faath and Rolf Winter and Dimitri Papadimitriou} } @inproceedings {Cas2014a, title = {Distributed active measurement of Internet queuing delays}, booktitle = {Passive and Active Measurement (PAM), Extended Abstract}, year = {2014}, month = {March}, address = {Los Angeles, USA}, abstract = {

Despite growing link capacities, over-dimensioned buffers are still causing, in the Internet of the second decade of the third millenium, hosts to suffer from severe queuing delays (or bufferbloat). While maximum bufferbloat possibly exceeds few seconds, it is far less clear how often this maximum is hit in practice. This paper reports on our ongoing work to build a spatial and temporal map of Internet bufferbloat, describing a system based on distributed agents running on PlanetLab that aims at providing a quantitative answer to the above question.

}, url = {http://www.enst.fr/~drossi/paper/rossi14pam-b.pdf}, author = {P. Casoria and D Rossi and Jordan Aug{\'e} and Marc-Oliver Buob and T. Friedman and A. Pescape} } @inproceedings {Leo2014, title = {From Cells to Streets: Estimating Mobile Paths with Cellular-Side Data}, booktitle = {CoNEXT}, year = {2014}, publisher = {ACM}, organization = {ACM}, address = {Sydney, Australia}, author = {Ilias Leontiadis and Antonio Lima and Haewoon Kwak and Rade Stanojevic and David Wetherall and Konstantina Papagiannaki} } @inproceedings {DR:TMA-14c, title = {Peeking Through the BitTorrent Seedbox Hosting Ecosystem}, booktitle = {Traffic Monitoring and Analysis (TMA)}, year = {2014}, abstract = {

In this paper, we propose a lightweight method for detecting and classifying BitTorrent content providers with a minimal amount of resources. While
heavy methodologies are typically used (which require long term observation
and data exchange with peers of the swarm and/or a semantic analysis of torrent
websites), we instead argue that such complexity can be avoided by analyzing
the correlations between peers and torrents. We apply our methodology to study
over 50K torrents injected in ThePirateBay during one month, collecting more
than 400K IPs addresses. Shortly, we find that exploiting the correlations not
only enhances the classification accuracy keeping the technique lightweight (our
methodology reliably identifies about 150 seedboxes), but also uncovers seeding behaviors that were not previously noticed (e.g., as multi-port and multi-host
seeding). Finally, we correlate the popularity of seedbox hosting in our dataset
to criteria (e.g., cost, storage space, Web popularity) that can bias the selection
process of BitTorrent content providers.

}, url = {http://www.enst.fr/~drossi/paper/rossi14tma-c.pdf}, author = {Dario Rossi and Guilhem Pujol and Xiao Wang and Fabien Mathieu} } @article {Pap2014, title = {Practical issues for the implementation of survivability and recovery techniques in optical networks}, journal = {Journal Optical Switching and Networking}, volume = {14}, year = {2014}, chapter = {179}, author = {Dimitri Papadimitriou}, editor = {G.Ellinas and J.Rak and D.Staessens and J.Sterbenz and K.Walkowiak} } @article {2014, title = {Practical issues for the implementation of survivability and recovery techniques in optical networks,}, journal = {Journal Optical Switching and Networking}, volume = {14}, year = {2014}, chapter = {179}, author = {Dimitri Papadimitriou} } @inproceedings {EURECOM+4268, title = {Revisiting size-based scheduling with estimated job sizes}, booktitle = {{MASCOTS} 2014, {IEEE} 22nd {I}nternational {S}ymposium on {M}odeling analysis and simulation of computer and telecommunication systems, {S}eptember 9-11, 2014, {P}aris, {F}rance / {A}lso published on {A}r{X}iv}, year = {2014}, month = {03}, address = {{P}aris, {FRANCE}}, url = {http://www.eurecom.fr/publication/4268}, author = {Dell{\textquoteright}Amico, Matteo and Carra, Damiano and Pastorelli, Mario and Michiardi, Pietro} } @inproceedings {Dra2013, title = {Benchmarking Personal Cloud Storage}, booktitle = {Internet Measurement Conference - IMC}, year = {2013}, month = {10/2013}, publisher = {ACM}, organization = {ACM}, address = {Barcelona (ES)}, abstract = {

Personal cloud storage services are data-intensive applica- tions already producing a significant share of Internet traffic. Several solutions offered by different companies attract more and more people. However, little is known about each service capabilities, architecture and {\textendash} most of all {\textendash} performance implications of design choices. This paper presents a methodology to study cloud storage services. We apply our methodology to compare 5 popular offers, revealing different system architectures and capabilities. The implications on performance of different designs are assessed executing a series of benchmarks. Our results show no clear winner, with all services suffering from some limitations or having potential for improvement. In some scenarios, the upload of the same file set can take seven times more, wasting twice as much capacity. Our methodology and results are useful thus as both benchmark and guideline for system design.

}, keywords = {Active Measurements, Personal Cloud Storage}, doi = {10.1145/2504730.2504762}, url = {http://www.simpleweb.org/wiki/Cloud_benchmarks}, author = {Idilio Drago and Enrico Bocchi and Marco Mellia and Herman Slatman and Aiko Pras} } @article {Pap2013, title = {Design of Analysis Modules}, number = {D4.1}, year = {2013}, month = {11/2013}, institution = {mPlane Consortium}, type = {Public Deliverable}, address = {Torino}, keywords = {algorithms, analysis}, isbn = {D4.1}, issn = {D4.1}, author = {Dimitri Papadimitriou and Zied Ben-Houidi and Samir Ghamri-Doudane and D Rossi and M. Milanesio and P. Casas and Alessandro D{\textquoteright}Alconzo and Edion Tego and Francesco Matera and Maurizio Dusi and Tivadar Szemethy and L. M{\'a}th{\'e} and Alessandro Finamore and Stefano Traverso and Ilias Leontiadis and Yan Grunenberger and L. Baltrunas and Benoit Donnet and Guy Leduc and Y. Liao} } @article {Cap2013, title = {First Data Collection Track Record}, number = {D5.1}, year = {2013}, month = {11/2013}, institution = {mPlane Consortium}, type = {Private Deliverable}, address = {Torino}, keywords = {data sets, integration, measurement systems, scenarios, use cases}, author = {Alessandro Capello and Fabrizio Invernizzi and Omar Jabr and Dimitri Papadimitriou and Dario Rossi and YiXi Gong and Brian Trammell and Marco Milanesio and Ernst Biersack and Rolf Winter and Francesco Matera and Arianna Rufini and Edion Tego and Maurizio Dusi and Balazs Szabo and Tivadar Szemethy and Alessandro Finamore and Marco Mellia and Ilias Leontiadis and Benoit Donnet} } @inproceedings {Mar2013, title = {HFSP: Size-based Scheduling for Hadoop}, booktitle = {BIGDATA 2013, IEEE International Conference on BigData, October 6-9, 2013, Santa-Clara, CA, USA}, year = {2013}, month = {10}, url = {http://www.eurecom.fr/publication/4106}, author = {Pastorelli Mario and Barbuzzi Antonio and Carra Damiano and Dell{\textquoteright}Amico Matteo and Michiardi Pietro} } @inbook {Pap2013b, title = {Measurement-based Experimental Research Methodology}, booktitle = {Measurement Methodology and Tools}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science Series}, volume = {7586}, year = {2013}, pages = {pp 5-22}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, issn = {978-3-642-41295-0}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-41296-7_2}, author = {D. Papadimitriou and L. F{\`a}brega and P. Vil{\`a} and D. Careglio and P. Demeester} } @article {Tra2013d, title = {mPlane Architecture Specification}, number = {D1.3}, year = {2013}, month = {11/2013}, institution = {mPlane Consortium}, type = {Public Deliverable}, address = {Torino}, keywords = {architecture, measurement, platform, scenario, use case}, author = {Brian Trammell and Marco Mellia and Alessandro Finamore and Stefano Traverso and Tivadar Szemethy and Balazs Szabo and D Rossi and Benoit Donnet and Fabrizio Invernizzi and Dimitri Papadimitriou} } @inproceedings {Pap2013a, title = {Multi-agent Statistical Relational Learning}, booktitle = {2nd European Teletraffic Seminar (ETS 2013)}, year = {2013}, author = {Dimitri Papadimitriou} } @inproceedings {Van2013, title = {Network Fingerprinting: TTL-Based Router Signature}, booktitle = {ACM/USENIX Internet Measurement Conference (IMC)}, year = {2013}, month = {10/2013}, address = {Barcelona, Spain}, abstract = {

Fingerprinting networking equipment has many potential applications and benefits\ in network management and security. More generally, it is useful for the\ understanding of network structures and their behaviors. In this paper, we\ describe a simple fingerprinting mechanism based on the initial TTL values used\ by routers to reply to various probing messages. We show that main classes
obtained using this simple mechanism are meaningful to distinguish routers\ platforms. Besides, it comes at a very low additional cost compared to standard\ active topology discovery measurements. As a proof of concept, we apply our\ method to gain more insight on the behavior of MPLS routers and to, thus, more\ accurately quantify their visible/invisible deployment.

}, keywords = {fingerprinting, initial TTL, MPLS router signature, network discovery}, doi = {10.1145/2504730.2504761}, author = {Yves Vanaubel and Jean-Jacques Pansiot and Pascal M{\'e}rindol and Benoit Donnet} } @inproceedings {Van2013a, title = {Network Fingerprinting: TTL-Based Router Signatures}, booktitle = {ACM Internet Measurement Conference (IMC)}, year = {2013}, month = {10/2013}, address = {Barcelona, Spain}, abstract = {

Fingerprinting networking equipment has many potential applications and benefits\ in network management and security. More generally, it is useful for the\ understanding of network structures and their behaviors. In this paper, we\ describe a simple fingerprinting mechanism based on the initial TTL values used\ by routers to reply to various probing messages. We show that main classes\ obtained using this simple mechanism are meaningful to distinguish routers
platforms. Besides, it comes at a very low additional cost compared to standard\ active topology discovery measurements. As a proof of concept, we apply our\ method to gain more insight on the behavior of MPLS routers and to, thus, more\ accurately quantify their visible/invisible deployment.

}, keywords = {fingerprinting, initial TTL, MPLS, network discovery, router signatures}, author = {Yves Vanaubel and Jean-Jacques Pansiot and Pascal M{\'e}rindol and Benoit Donnet} } @inproceedings {Chi2013, title = {Passive bufferbloat measurement exploiting transport layer information}, booktitle = {IEEE GLOBECOM}, year = {2013}, month = {12/2013}, url = {http://www.enst.fr/~drossi/paper/rossi13globecom.pdf}, author = {C. Chirichella and D Rossi and C. Testa and T. Friedman and A. Pescape} } @article {Dus2013, title = {Plans for Using and Disseminating mPlane Knowledge}, number = {D7.2}, year = {2013}, month = {11/2013}, institution = {mPlane Consortium}, type = {Public Deliverable}, address = {Torino}, keywords = {dissemination, exploitation, open-source software, publications, standardization}, issn = {D7.2}, author = {Maurizio Dusi and Saverio Niccolini and Antonio Barbuzzi and M. Milanesio and Alessandro Finamore and Brian Trammell and Edion Tego and Francesco Matera and Tivadar Szemethy and Rolf Winter and Zied Ben-Houidi and Andrea Fregosi and Benoit Donnet and Fabrizio Invernizzi and Dimitri Papadimitriou and Ilias Leontiadis and Yan Grunenberger and P. Casas} } @inproceedings {Chi2013c, title = {Remotely Gauging Upstream Bufferbloat Delays}, booktitle = {Passive and Active Measurement (PAM)}, year = {2013}, abstract = { {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}Bufferbloat{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright} is the growth in buffer size that has led Internet delays to occasionally exceed the light propagation delay from the Earth to the Moon. Manufacturers have built in large buffers to prevent losses on Wi-Fi, cable and ADSL links. But the combination of some links{\textquoteright} limited bandwidth with TCP{\textquoteright}s tendency to saturate that bandwidth results in excessive queuing delays. In response, new congestion control protocols such as BitTorrent{\textquoteright}s uTP/LEDBAT aim at explicitly limiting the delay that they add over the bottleneck link. This work proposes and validate a methodology to monitor the upstream queuing delay experienced by remote hosts, both those using LEDBAT, through LEDBAT{\textquoteright}s native one-way delay measurements, and those using TCP (via the Time-stamp Option). }, doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-36516-4_25}, url = {http://www.enst.fr/~drossi/paper/rossi13pam.pdf}, author = {C. Chirichella and D Rossi and C. Testa and T. Friedman and A. Pescape} } @inproceedings {Val2013, title = {RILAnalyzer: a Comprehensive 3G Monitor on Your Phone}, booktitle = {Internet Measurement Conference (IMC)}, year = {2013}, doi = {10.1145/2504730.2504764}, author = {Narseo Vallina-Rodriguez and A. Aucinas and M. Almeida and Yan Grunenberger and Konstantina Papagiannaki and Jon Crowcroft} } @article {Pap2013c, title = {Selection of Existing Probes and Datasets}, number = {D2.1}, year = {2013}, month = {08/2013}, institution = {mPlane Consortium}, type = {Public Deliverable}, address = {Torino}, abstract = {The mPlane architecture has been designed to include the possibility to interface with existing systems and platforms. While most measurement platforms in existence target a very specific measurement use case (e.g., the discovery of the Internet{\textquoteright}s router-level topology, the continuous measurement of the RTT among host pairs, the exporting via SNMP of network state, etc.), there are platforms that have a large deployed base, with lot of data being at disposal, and/or continuously collecting data. It would be a waste of resources to merely reproduce this effort within mPlane. Instead, mPlane aims at directly interfacing with existing systems and re-using their capabilities and data to feed measurement results to the mPlane intelligence. This document lists selected existing systems that are important for mPlane either for theoretical, conceptual or practical reasons, and that are part of the background of mPlane partners. A sub-set of these systems will be eventually incorporated into mPlane by developing the necessary interfaces. Others could be integrated by the means of proxy probes, i.e., the conceptual component responsible for such interfacing. The main focus of this document is to elaborate the concept of proxy probes, enumerate the systems that will be possibly considered for interface (proxy probe) development, and to give high level descriptions of the proxy probe design for these systems. The following list enumerates the systems that the consortium has chosen to include: - QoF - a TCP-aware IPFIX flow meter  Cisco Ping and SLA Agents - commercial availability and basic network parameter agents  - Tracebox - a tool for middlebox detection and identification - Scamper - a sophisticated active probing tool - MERLIN - a router-level topology discovery tool - TopHat - a configurable measurement system on top of PlanetLab - Tstat - a passive network monitoring tool - BlockMon - a flexible network monitoring and analysis tool - MisuraInternet - a QoS measurement system - Firelog - a Firefox plugin to measure HTTP QoE - Pytomo - an end-host-based video OoE measurement tool - DATI - a high performance deep packet inspector - MobiPerf - a tool for monitoring smartphone performance}, keywords = {active probes, existing probes, passive probes, probes, proxy probes}, author = {Dimitri Papadimitriou and Dario Rossi and YiXi Gong and Brian Trammell and Marco Milanesio and Ernst Biersack and Rolf Winter and Francesco Matera and Maurizio Dusi and Balazs Szabo and Tivadar Szemethy and Alessandro Finamore and Marco Mellia and Alessandro Capello and Fabio Invernizzi and Omar Jabr and Ilias Leontiadis and Benoit Donnet} } @article {Ros2013a, title = {Specification of mPlane Access Control and Data Protection Mechanisms}, number = {D1.2}, year = {2013}, month = {08/2013}, institution = {mPlane Consortium}, type = {Public Deliverable}, address = {Torino}, abstract = {

This document primarily defines security specifications for the mPlane architecture (in terms of authentication, access control and safe communications), on the basis of what specified in the D1.1. Also, it provides a description of the measures that can be adopted in order to guarantee the privacy of the data gathered through the probes. This aspect of the mPlane infrastructure must not be neglected, since from a legal point of view the users{\textquoteright} right to privacy must be protected in any case. The techniques to be adopted are anonymization and aggregation, but utility of data decreases as the level of privacy increases, hence it is necessary to find a good trade-off. Two protocols are proposed for secure communications among components: TLS and SSH, which adopt respectively X.509 certificates and RSA keys for identity management. As the access control policy that will be adopted depends mostly on the mPlane administrators{\textquoteright} choices, this document provides a survey of several approaches. The cross-domain and the mobile scenarios are also analyzed, providing solutions that can guarantee access control, security and privacy.

}, keywords = {access control, anonymisation, authentication plane, privacy, security}, author = {Gianni De Rosa and Stefano Pentassuglia} } @article {Mar2013a, title = {Standardizing large-scale measurement platforms}, journal = {SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev.}, volume = {43}, year = {2013}, pages = {58{\textendash}63}, keywords = {design, ietf, measurement platforms, standardization}, issn = {0146-4833}, doi = {10.1145/2479957.2479967}, url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2479957.2479967}, author = {Bagnulo Marcelo and Eardley Philip and Burbridge Trevor and Brian Trammell and Rolf Winter} } @inproceedings {Ale2013, title = {Is There a Case for Mobile Phone Content Pre-staging?}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Ninth ACM Conference on Emerging Networking Experiments and Technologies (Best Short Paper Award)}, year = {2013}, month = {12/2013}, publisher = {ACM}, organization = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, abstract = {

Content caching is a fundamental building block of the Internet. Caches are widely deployed at network edges to improve performance for end-users, and to reduce load on web servers and the backbone network. Considering mobile 3G/4G networks, however, the bottleneck is at the access link, where bandwidth is shared among all mobile terminals. As such, per-user capacity cannot grow to cope with the traffic demand. Unfortunately, caching policies would not reduce the load on the wireless link which would have to carry multiple copies of the same object that is being downloaded by multiple mobile terminals sharing the same access link.

In this paper we investigate if it is worth to push the caching paradigm even farther. We hypothesize a system in which mobile terminals implement a local cache, where popular content can be pushed/pre-staged. This exploits the peculiar broadcast capability of the wireless channels to replicate content "for free" on all terminals, saving the cost of transmitting multiple copies of those popular objects. Relying on a large data set collected from a European mobile carrier, we analyse the content popularity characteristics of mobile traffic, and quantify the benefit that the push-to-mobile system would produce. We found that content pre-staging, by proactively and periodically broadcasting "bundles" of popular objects to devices, allows to both greatly i) improve users{\textquoteright} performance and ii) reduce up to 20\% (40\%) the downloaded volume (number of requests) in optimistic scenarios with a bundle of 100 MB. However, some technical constraints and content characteristics could question the actual gain such system would reach in practice.

}, keywords = {content pre-staging, mobile networks}, isbn = {978-1-4503-2101-3}, doi = {10.1145/2535372.2535414}, url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2535372.2535414}, author = {Finamore, Alessandro and Mellia, Marco and Gilani, Zafar and Papagiannaki, Konstantina and Erramilli, Vijay and Grunenberger, Yan} } @article {Tra2013a, title = {Use Case Elaboration and Requirements Specification}, number = {D1.1}, year = {2013}, month = {01/2013}, institution = {mPlane Consortium}, type = {Public Deliverable}, address = {Torino}, abstract = {

The document defines the requirements for the mPlane architecture on the background of a set of scenarios explored by the consortium, a survey of existing comparable measurement systems and platforms and applicable standards therefore, and a set of architectural first principles drawn from the description of work and the consortium{\textquoteright}s experience.\ As mPlane is intended to be a fully flexible measurement platform, freely integrating existing probes and repositories with ones to be developed in the project, this document is primarily concerned with the definition of interfaces among mPlane components. While it does enumerate capabilities to be provided by these components, these are primarily intended to ensure the platform has the flexibility required to meet all the scenarios envisioned; the enumerations of measurements, metrics, data types, and other component capabilities are therefore not to be construed to limit the scope of work on components within the project to just those scenarios treated in this document; nor do the scenarios enumerated here define the capabilities to be demonstrated in the project{\textquoteright}s integrated trial.\ 

}, keywords = {architecture, measurement, platform, scenario, use case}, issn = {D1.1}, author = {Brian Trammell and Stephan Neuhaus and Francesco Matera and Ernst Biersack and Antonio Barbuzzi and Saverio Niccolini and Mohamed Ahmed and Maurizio Dusi and Tivadar Szemethy and Balazs Szabo and P. Casas and A B{\"a}r and Konstantina Papagiannaki and Yan Grunenberger and Ilias Leontiadis and Rolf Winter and Zied Ben-Houidi and Giovanna Carofiglio and Samir Ghamri-Doudane and Diego Perino and D Rossi} } @inproceedings {Val2012, title = {Breaking for commercials: characterizing mobile advertising}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2012 ACM conference on Internet measurement conference}, year = {2012}, publisher = {ACM}, organization = {ACM}, address = {Boston, MA}, abstract = {

Mobile phones and tablets can be considered as the first incarnation of the post-PC era. Their explosive adoption rate has been driven by a number of factors, with the most signifcant influence being applications (apps) and app markets. Individuals and organizations are able to develop and publish apps, and the most popular form of monetization is mobile advertising.

The mobile advertisement (ad) ecosystem has been the target of prior research, but these works typically focused on a small set of apps or are from a user privacy perspective. In this work we make use of a unique, anonymized data set corresponding to one day of traffic for a major European mobile carrier with more than 3 million subscribers. We further take a principled approach to characterize mobile ad traffic along a number of dimensions, such as overall traffic, frequency, as well as possible implications in terms of en- ergy on a mobile device.

Our analysis demonstrates a number of inefficiencies in today{\textquoteright}s ad delivery. We discuss the benefits of well-known techniques, such as pre-fetching and caching, to limit the energy and network signalling overhead caused by current systems. A prototype im- plementation on Android devices demonstrates an improvement of 50\% in terms of energy consumption for offline ad-sponsored apps while limiting the amount of ad related traffic.\ 

}, keywords = {advertisement, caching, cellular, energy, smartphones, traffic}, isbn = {978-1-4503-1705-4}, doi = {10.1145/2398776.2398812}, url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2398776.2398812}, author = {Narseo Vallina-Rodriguez and Jay Shah and Alessandro Finamore and Yan Grunenberger and Konstantina Papagiannaki and Hamed Haddadi and Jon Crowcroft} } @inproceedings {Dra2012, title = {Inside Dropbox: Understanding Personal Cloud Storage Services}, booktitle = {Internet Measurement Conference - IMC}, year = {2012}, month = {11/2012}, publisher = {ACM}, organization = {ACM}, address = {Boston, MA}, abstract = {

Personal cloud storage services are gaining popularity. With a rush of providers to enter the market and an increasing of- fer of cheap storage space, it is to be expected that cloud storage will soon generate a high amount of Internet traffic. Very little is known about the architecture and the perfor- mance of such systems, and the workload they have to face. This understanding is essential for designing efficient cloud storage systems and predicting their impact on the network.

This paper presents a characterization of Dropbox, the leading solution in personal cloud storage in our datasets. By means of passive measurements, we analyze data from four vantage points in Europe, collected during 42 consecu- tive days. Our contributions are threefold: Firstly, we are the first to study Dropbox, which we show to be the most widely-used cloud storage system, already accounting for a volume equivalent to around one third of the YouTube traffic at campus networks on some days. Secondly, we character- ize the workload users in different environments generate to the system, highlighting how this reflects on network traf- fic. Lastly, our results show possible performance bottle- necks caused by both the current system architecture and the storage protocol. This is exacerbated for users connected far from storage data-centers.

All measurements used in our analyses are publicly avail- able in anonymized form at the SimpleWeb trace repository: http://traces.simpleweb.org/dropbox/

}, keywords = {Dropbox, passive measurement}, issn = {978-1-4503-1705-4}, doi = {10.1145/2398776.2398827}, url = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2398776.2398827\&coll=DL\&dl=GUIDE\&CFID=225051145\&CFTOKEN=42401286}, author = {Idilio Drago and Marco Mellia and Maurizio M Munafo{\textquoteright} and Anna Sperotto and Ramin Sadre and Aiko Pras} }